Independent verification reference. Each engine, the benchmark it is checked against, and the external source anyone can use to confirm it.
GDBS is a deterministic scientific-computing platform: the same inputs produce the same outputs on every machine, with no training data, no fitting, and no stochastic sampling. This document lists each engine alongside a benchmark with a known answer and the published or analytic reference for that answer. Every entry marked Verified can be reproduced and checked against the cited external source. Nothing in this table is calibrated, tuned, or fitted to its reference.
Honesty statement. No value in the Verified column is fitted to the answer it is compared against. Where the platform has no independent solver for a quantity, the published number is shown as Referenced and is plainly labelled as such. Self-checks are labelled as self-checks, not as agreement with measured data. "Last validated" is the date the benchmark was last confirmed in the platform's automated test suite; live-engine benchmarks reproduce on demand.
| Engine | Module / Benchmark | Status | Result vs reference | External reference source | Last validated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gravitational Waveforms | GW150914 final remnant mass | Verified | 63.02 vs 63.1 M☉ (0.13%) | Abbott et al. 2016, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 | 2026-05-24 |
| Gravitational Waveforms | GW150914 final spin | Verified | 0.6855 vs 0.69 (0.65%) | Abbott et al. 2016; Husa et al. 2016 | 2026-05-24 |
| Gravitational Waveforms | GW150914 chirp mass | Verified | 28.72 vs 28.6 M☉ (0.4%) | Abbott et al. 2016, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 | 2026-05-24 |
| Gravitational Waveforms | GW170817 (binary neutron star) chirp mass | Verified | 1.185 vs 1.188 M☉ (0.3%) | Abbott et al. 2017, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 161101 | 2026-05-24 |
| Gravitational Waveforms | Ringdown quasinormal frequency | Verified | ~271 Hz, within published band | Berti, Cardoso & Will 2006, Phys. Rev. D 73, 064030 | 2026-05-24 |
| Numerical Relativity | Factor-2 self-convergence (metric component) | Self-check | order 3.946 (theoretical 4) | Alcubierre et al. 2004 (Apples-with-Apples), Class. Quantum Grav. 21, 589 | 2026-04-26 |
| Numerical Relativity | Minkowski fixed point (Hamiltonian constraint) | Verified | 1.2e-28 (flat space exact = 0) | Flat-space exact solution | 2026-05-21 |
| General-Relativistic MHD | Divergence-free constraint, magnetized torus (GPU) | Self-check | |∇·B| = 2.4e-4 (target 0) | Tóth 2000; Balsara & Spicer 1999 (constrained transport) | 2026-05-21 |
| General-Relativistic MHD | Divergence-free constraint, Orszag-Tang (CPU) | Self-check | < 1e-12 (machine zero) | Constrained-transport invariant | 2026-05-21 |
| Black-Hole Thermodynamics | Hawking temperature across 60 orders of magnitude | Verified | 0.27% vs analytic | Hawking 1975, Nature 248, 30 | 2026-05-24 |
| Constants & Relativity | Schwarzschild radius (1 solar mass) | Verified | 2953.250 m (0.05%) | Schwarzschild 1916 | 2026-05-24 |
| Constants & Relativity | Bekenstein-Hawking entropy (1 solar mass) | Verified | 1.049e77 k₃ (1%) | Bekenstein 1973, Phys. Rev. D 7, 2333 | 2026-05-24 |
| Constants & Relativity | Bohr radius, Rydberg energy, Compton wavelength | Verified | 0.001 to 0.01% | CODATA 2022 recommended values | 2026-05-24 |
| Constants & Relativity | Planck mass, Stefan-Boltzmann constant | Verified | 0.001 to 0.01% | CODATA 2022 recommended values | 2026-05-24 |
| QED Precision | Electron g-2 coefficients, orders 1 to 3 | Verified | reproduce exact closed forms to floating-point | Schwinger 1948; Petermann 1957 / Sommerfield 1958; Laporta & Remiddi 1996 | 2026-05-01 |
| QED Precision | Electron g-2 coefficients, orders 4 to 5 | Referenced | within published experimental bounds (reproduction, not independent prediction) | Aoyama, Hayakawa, Kinoshita & Nio 2012; Kinoshita 2017 | 2026-05-01 |
| Electronic Structure | H₂ molecular integrals (overlap, core, two-electron) | Verified | < 0.1% | Szabo & Ostlund, Modern Quantum Chemistry, Table 3.17 | 2026-05-24 |
| Electronic Structure | H₂ total energy (Hartree-Fock, STO-3G) | Verified | -1.1175 Ha (< 0.5%) | Szabo & Ostlund, Modern Quantum Chemistry | 2026-05-24 |
| Electronic Structure | HF, H₂O, CH₄ (Hartree-Fock, STO-3G / 6-31G*) | Verified | 0.5 to 2% | NIST Computational Chemistry Comparison & Benchmark DB; Szabo & Ostlund | 2026-05-24 |
| Electronic Structure | H₂O density-functional (LDA / B3LYP) | Referenced | correlation-functional fix pending redeployment | Published exchange-correlation functionals | 2026-05-24 |
| Boundary-Layer Fluids | Blasius flat-plate wall shear, f″(0) | Verified | 0.4696 ± 0.002 | Falkner & Skan 1931; Schlichting, Boundary-Layer Theory | 2026-05-24 |
| Incompressible Fluids | Taylor-Green vortex decay rate | Verified | within 5% of analytic 4ν | Taylor & Green 1937 (analytic decay) | 2026-05-24 |
| Compressible Fluids | Sod shock tube, density and pressure positivity | Verified | ρ > 0, p > 0 at t = 0.2 | Sod 1978, J. Comput. Phys. 27, 1 | 2026-05-24 |
| Compressible Fluids | Sod shock tube, L1 error vs exact Riemann solution | Verified | finite L1 within tolerance | Sod 1978 exact Riemann solution | 2026-05-24 |
| Elliptic Solvers | Multigrid sine-mode residual reduction (16³, 6 V-cycles) | Verified | reduction > 1000x | Briggs, Henson & McCormick, A Multigrid Tutorial | 2026-05-24 |
| Elliptic Solvers | Multigrid h² convergence (8³ to 16³) | Verified | ratio ~4x (second order) | Second-order discretization theory | 2026-05-24 |
| Electromagnetics | FDTD vacuum quiescence (energy conservation) | Verified | peak energy < 1e-25 | Yee 1966; Taflove & Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics | 2026-05-24 |
| Electromagnetics | FDTD dipole source (energy injection, field oscillation) | Verified | peak > 1e-6, field sign reversal | Taflove & Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics | 2026-05-24 |
| Phase-Field | Cahn-Hilliard mass conservation (400 steps) | Verified | |drift| < 1e-8 | Cahn & Hilliard 1958, J. Chem. Phys. 28, 258 | 2026-05-24 |
| Phase-Field | Allen-Cahn energy descent under gradient flow | Verified | monotone energy decrease | Allen & Cahn 1979, Acta Metall. 27, 1085 | 2026-05-24 |
| Lattice / Spin Systems | Heisenberg chain, N = 2 singlet | Verified | -0.75 (exact -3J/4) | Exact analytic singlet energy | 2026-05-24 |
| Lattice / Spin Systems | Heisenberg open chain, N = 4 | Verified | -1.6160254 (< 1e-4) | Bethe 1931 (Bethe ansatz) | 2026-05-24 |
| Lattice / Spin Systems | Transverse-field Ising, N = 4 | Verified | energy below field-only baseline | Analytic field-only baseline | 2026-05-24 |
| Materials (Ionic) | NaCl / CsCl Madelung constants (Ewald sum) | Verified | 1.747565 / 1.762675 (exact) | Madelung; Ewald 1921, Ann. Phys. 369, 253 | 2026-05-24 |
| Materials (Ionic) | NaCl Born-Landé lattice energy | Verified | ~787 kJ/mol | Born & Landé model | 2026-05-24 |
| Materials (Solids) | Argon FCC lattice (Lennard-Jones) | Verified | within method accuracy | Lennard-Jones potential | 2026-05-24 |
| Materials (Superconductors) | Nb / Pb critical temperature (Allen-Dynes) | Verified | within ~15% (method accuracy) | Allen & Dynes 1975; McMillan 1968 | 2026-05-24 |
| Materials (Crystals) | Si / Ge / Cu lattice constants, band gaps | Referenced | published values, not independently solved | Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics; Madelung 2004 | 2026-05-24 |
| Geophysics | Surface gravity, Earth and Moon | Verified | from GM / R² | Standard geodesy | 2026-05-24 |
| Geophysics | Seismic moment at moment magnitude 7 | Verified | 3.98e19 N·m | Hanks & Kanamori 1979, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2348 | 2026-05-24 |
| Geophysics | PREM seismic velocities, gravity coefficient J₂ | Referenced | published reference values | Dziewonski & Anderson 1981 (PREM) | 2026-05-24 |
| Plasma / MHD Equilibria | Tokamak ideal-MHD no-wall beta limit | Self-check | lands in Troyon band [2, 6] | Troyon et al. 1984; Soloviev 1968 | 2026-05-24 |
| Cosmology | Hubble distance c / H₀ | Verified | from H₀ | Standard cosmology | 2026-05-24 |
| Cosmology | Age of universe (Friedmann integral) | Verified | within tolerance | Planck 2018, Astron. Astrophys. 641, A6 | 2026-05-24 |
| Cosmology | CMB temperature, acoustic peak, density parameters | Referenced | published values | Planck 2018, Astron. Astrophys. 641, A6 | 2026-05-24 |
| Molecular Properties | Molecular weight (glucose, caffeine) | Verified | from atomic masses | IUPAC standard atomic weights | 2026-05-24 |
| Molecular Properties | Glucose diffusion coefficient (Stokes-Einstein) | Verified | from Stokes-Einstein relation | Einstein 1905 | 2026-05-24 |
| Molecular Properties | Binding free energy, logP, pKa, half-lives | Referenced | published values, no docking / QSAR / pharmacokinetic solver | Primary literature | 2026-05-24 |